A lot of exertion has been made to enhance and characterize the ductility of beams reinforced with FRP bars. This traditional meaning of ductility cannot be applied to structures reinforced with FRP reinforcement due to the linear elastic behavior of FRP bars. In reinforced concrete structures, steel plays the main rule of ductility which is the ratio of post yield deformation to yield deformation. Furthermore, fatigue durability, and the transparency of FRP bars to magnetic and electrical fields makes them a applicable alternative to steel reinforcement in applications sensitive to electromagnetic fields such as magnetic resonance imaging Hollaway.
The light weight of FRP provides significant savings in labor cost. It has a noticeable high strength and stiffness ratios to density, In addition to their resistance to corrosion. However, FRP is a quite competitive material to use. The well-known high cost of FRP material might be a preventive to its use. The use of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for reinforcing or rehabilitation of structural members started few decades ago. On the other hand, in hybrid CFRP/steel reinforced concrete beams showed a better performance during cracking initiation and propagation. In hybrid GFRP/steel reinforced concrete beams, a significant reduction in stiffness and a noticeable increase in the beams' deflection after the initiation of first crack and yielding of steel reinforcement were observed. In addition, it is better to use steel rebars as top reinforcement in concrete beams with hybrid reinforcement. The study showed that the contribution of steel rebars to FRP rebars in concrete beams improved beam ductility and eliminated the unfavorable brittle failure of the concrete beam. A broad parametric study was conducted to explore the effect of replacing steel reinforcement by different types of FRP bars. The outcomes got from finite element analysis were confirmed against experimental results. Nonlinear material models for the components of the concrete beam were used in the three dimensional finite element models. The study was conducted using the nonlinear finite element program “ANSYS”. Different types of Fiber Reinforced Polymers CFRP and GFRP were used along with steel rebars in the studied concrete beams. This paper presents a nonlinear finite element model to investigate the behavior of hybrid Fiber Reinforced Polymers and steel reinforcement.
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